Louise Bourgeois (1911-2010) was a world-famous French-American artist who went down in history as one of the most productive creatives. Her artistic career extended for over seven decades, giving humanity a rich creative legacy and many iconic images with deep symbolism. One of the most recognizable images is the spider sculpture by Louise Bourgeois. This theme emerged in her later career and conquered the hearts of the global art community with its emotionally evoking message and deep feminist meanings. Here is a brief introduction to the dual symbolism of monumental Bourgeois spiders.

Biography of Louise Bourgeois

Louise Bourgeois was born in Paris in 1911. She studied mathematics at the Sorbonne before shifting to art in the 1930s. After receiving a degree in Art, Bourgeois worked in the studios of many well-known artists, including Fernand Léger. Her marriage to the American art historian Robert Goldwater was followed by a relocation to New York, where she joined the émigré community of Surrealist artists and quickly gained fame for her artwork.

Emergence of the Spider Sculpture by Louise Bourgeois

The artist’s first art specialization was painting and drawing. Since the 1940s, Bourgeois started tapping into wooden sculpture and experimented with bronze, marble, and fabric. These works explored the themes of gender, memory, and the body, sketching Bourgeois’s first feminist motifs in art.

Interestingly, the spider theme emerged in Bourgeois’s creative portfolio only in the 1990s. That was the period when her iconic Spider (1997) and the monumental Maman (1999) emerged. As Louise Bourgeois lost her mother at the age of 20, spider figures became her unique form of exploring memory and motherhood.

Symbolism, Emotions, and Feminism in Bourgeois’s Spiders

The spider sculpture by Louise Bourgeois produced a huge impact on the global art community and became one of the artist’s most iconic creations. Such an impact became possible due to the exploration of complex themes and the deep emotional input of Bourgeois in her spider sculptures.

According to the artist, her spiders explore memory, motherhood, and resilience, so they come with the dual symbolic message of strength and fragility. By depicting a huge spider with long legs and an egg sac, Bourgeois managed to transform a feared image into one with great emotional depth and an almost personal experience of motherly ties that every person cherishes at the depth of their hearts. Today, Bourgeois’s spiders are widely regarded as a reflection of human complexity and duality.